Category: Business News

  • Business Coalition Seeks FCC Approval to Bring ‘Wireless Broadband’ to Unserved Communities

    According to the FCC’s latest Broadband Progress Report, more than a third of Americans living in rural areas lack access to superfast (25 Mbps) broadband. In practice, superfast means the ability, at home or at work, to download large files, access cloud services and applications without delay or hold a video conference call without any disruption. A reliable, high-speed broadband connection is vital for any business that wants to thrive in today’s digital economy.

    However, poor broadband isn’t just limited to rural areas. Countless fiber broadband projects have been stalled or abandoned in major suburban and urban areas of the country, which house 80 percent of the population. This is compounded by the fact consumers have very little to choose from in terms of service providers because of the long held monopolies of larger operators.

    This has created a digital divide in the business world. The companies located in well-connected regions are thriving, taking full advantage of vital internet services, while the growth of those based in underserved areas is being throttled. Poor broadband connectivity is stifling the growth of businesses all across the United States. One report found that businesses waste an average of one week every year waiting for their company’s network to respond, due to poor broadband performance and slow internet speeds.

    The digital divide is due in part to the actions of service providers that are reluctant to install expensive fiber cables in sparsely populated rural areas, due to the perceived lack of a business case. In those areas where fiber cabling does exist, the cost is usually passed onto subscribers. For established big players these costs may be manageable, but for start-ups or businesses looking to expand their footprint into these regions, the high price of connectivity is a significant barrier to entry.

    I founded Mimosa five years ago with a vision to facilitate and build competitive broadband networks, and to give businesses and consumers what they really want: lightning fast internet service at an affordable price. We identified a unique opportunity to realize this, by building the network of the future using ‘wireless fiber.’ However, five years later, this crucial utility is still not widely available.

    How can businesses level the playing field?

    Until recently, options were scarce. Even in those regions where broadband service was adequate, the choice of provider was limited, because of de facto monopolies on essential broadband infrastructure. Lack of competition drives high prices for subscription plans, which may be affordable for larger corporations, but which dent the finances of small and medium sized businesses, not to mention start-ups. Competition is also our best option to preserve an Open Internet by keeping broadband monopolies in check – startups and traditional businesses alike rely on fair and unimpeded internet access in order to introduce potential new disruptive services to their customers.

    A recent petition by Mimosa to the FCC offers the opportunity to change all this and challenge the status quo. Behind the petition is a new approach to broadband which utilises easy-to-deploy and less costly infrastructure, opens up the market to competition, and, crucially, ensures widespread access to the high-quality, low-cost wireless broadband services which underpin business and spur growth. Wireless broadband is based on the premise that, rather than running fiber cabling to business or home, the last leg of the journey can be delivered via modern wireless technology. This technology is now faster, cheaper and easier to deploy than any other access technology currently available — even $50/month in service revenue can provide a great profit for the service provider, and a fiber-like service for businesses.

    Mimosa is part of the Broadband Access Coalition (BAC), which submitted the proposal, requesting new spectrum in the 3.7 GHz band to be opened and shared on favorable economic terms, for all service providers, both large and small. The BAC is a coalition of regional ISPs like Cincinnati Bell, emerging startup and local wireless ISPs, as well as the Consumer Federation of America and public policy groups representing schools, hospitals, and libraries.

    Business leaders and entrepreneurs throughout the United States can influence the FCC by signing the petition, and join forces with civil institutions, service providers and consumers who have also signalled their support.

    When should businesses act?

    Businesses and entrepreneurs can support the FCC petition, and help convince service providers to aggressively scale into suburban and urban markets across the US. How long do businesses have to wait to level the playing field? The BAC petition window closes on 8th August, so we’re asking for fast action now, to produce long-lasting results. If consumers do not respond to this petition, it is likely that this valued spectrum will be purchased by mobile carriers, effectively shutting out new competitive entrants into this market.

    We at Mimosa are committed to moving the industry out of the legacy networks of the past and into a new competitive environment. This has long been at the heart of our business: in 1998 we started 2Wire, our prior networking company, hoping that government mandates allowing Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) to ‘rent’ the existing copper phone wire infrastructure would create a competitive service market for DSL access. Times have changed, and the crucial infrastructure for business and enterprise is now going wireless. Signing the FCC petition will kick-start change, and signal intent from the business community to ensure vital internet services are available to all.

  • Embrace Design Thinking to Create More Relevant Marketing

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    Apple’s iPad, Nike’s Flyknit sneakers, Hint Water. Creative design delivered the breakthrough success of all of these products. Instead of starting with an existing formula already in the market, the designers focused on an unmet need: to work and surf the web on a portable screen that’s less cumbersome than a computer, to have a lighter shoe that leaves a smaller carbon footprint or to get a flavorful drink that isn’t full of sugar or artificial sweeteners.

    Consumers want more than ever to interact with companies on their own terms. Innovations from smartphones to one-click shopping give consumers a broader set of choices and more control. A brand’s interactions with its consumers cannot be driven by company goals alone. They must be designed to fit consumers’ ever-expanding and ever-changing needs. 

    Design your team.

    Design thinking is a multi-step method for understanding your consumers’ needs better, creating innovative solutions for them and iterating quickly to get it just right. Tim Brown, the CEO of IDEO defined design thinking as “a discipline that fuses the designer’s sensibility and ideas with what is technically feasible and what a viable business strategy can convert into customer value and market opportunity.”

    Design thinking can’t be done with a homogeneous team in a closed room. A diverse set of talents and opinions need to be involved. Teams that have worked together too long, teams made up of a single focus or skill set such as email marketing or customer experience, all have a similar point of view. Design thinking encourages these groups to diversify. Include someone from engineering, finance and sales. These people view the world differently and can bring in non-intuitive ideas and ensure that ideas can be fully realized.

    Verizon shifted its marketing strategy to become more consumer-centric with design thinking. The company combines customer experience, design, marketing and IT into teams that focus on extensive journey mapping to inform marketing and product. The new approach has led marketing to make several changes including a reduced focus on paid search and an increase in organic consumer engagement.

    Related: 4 Ways Diverse Teams Can Boost an Employer’s Brand

    Design a better experience.

    Design thinking starts by empathizing with a specific need, then learning about it until everyone truly understands it. The approach helps to properly define the focus or problem. Consumers have unprecedented choice. They can make purchase and brand loyalty decisions based on very specific preferences. Some may care about price, while for others convenience or customer experience matters most. As a marketer, you can’t promise that your company will offer the best of everything, but you can give them the best of something. Do you know what elements matter most to your specific consumers? 

    Design teams are realizing they may need to leave the comforts of their office to learn about their consumers. In a design thinking exercise to improve the in-store purchase process, Discount Tire worked on a full day store-simulation exercise to imagine how mobility could improve wait times and other problems related to a trying purchase process. The exercise was so successful that the company implemented a full time design thinking workshop room at its headquarters.

    From product to purchase, across all channels, each consumer interaction can be (re-) examined for improvements. One goal could be to strive for a seamless customer experience by eliminating pain points. Apple is famously the first company to deliver its smartphones pre-charged, following the realization that the consumer experience was broken by the need to charge the phone before it could be used. Its pre-charge practice is now industry standard.

    Do you know where your brand’s consumer experience is breaking down?

    Related: How to Create an Amazing Customer Experience

    Prepare for feedback.

    Generally, allowing consumers to interact with your solutions and observing the results will get you the most accurate feedback. Different members of your team will interpret the forthcoming insights differently based on their expertise, and that’s the point.

    Imagine that your customers really do care about speed and convenience, and have come to expect it from Amazon and Google. Can you compete purely on technical capabilities? Maybe not, but here is where design thinking comes in. There are other elements of your consumer interactions that can be faster and more convenient. It’s up to design team members identify them. 

    You might want to tell consumers about a discount code in an email, but they might want to be able to click directly on that code without cutting and pasting. This element might require both technical and design expertise. You may have 250 products on sale, but an individual consumer might not feel like combing through them all. Merchandising and customer experience team members could combine past purchase history with current trends to create personalized suggestions.

    Pepsi’s first Chief Design Officer, Mauro Porcini, was hired to spread design thinking throughout the company. He found that many of these new projects stalled because the initial idea wasn’t perfect, although there might be potential in it. He encouraged teams to start iterating with prototypes, getting feedback and quickly making improvements. This new approach increased the number of projects that succeeded, creating efficiency, but also increasing the agility of teams and their understanding of their consumers.

    Design thinking isn’t merely a process or framework — it’s a new, more agile mindset that increases your understanding of your consumers’ needs and is particularly powerful with a diverse team. With design thinking in place, the freedom to learn about your consumers, test and improve upon your ideas quickly, will ensure that your company can react in time to meet shifting consumer expectations. 

  • Chatbots for Enterprise Customer Service

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    Chatbots have proven to be an extremely versatile tool. They’re currently being used by a huge number of companies that operate within different industries. Not only this, these automated assistants are also used for an array of purposes, some of which include collecting information, providing assistance with various issues, being used as marketing tools, assisting sales teams, and much more.

    Organizations of all sizes have implemented both internal- and external-facing enterprise chatbots that help their team members; in other words, they create chatbots that specialize in either helping their customers or their employees. External-facing assistants, also called customer service chatbots, are the most common types of enterprise bots. They help customer care teams handle the large volume of inquiries they receive every day.

    Related: Top 10 Best Chatbot Platform Tools to Build Chatbots for Your Business

    Not only do enterprises handle a large quantity of customer service inquiries, they also provide help for a huge variety of different issues. These are often spread throughout different departments, and not all customers end up speaking to the right representatives. Enterprise chatbots work extremely well as filters that can either solve problems that don’t require human assistance or allow a human to jump in and take control when necessary.

    One of the main disadvantages enterprises have is making their customers feel like they’re receiving their undivided attention. Even if this is possible through live support, it’s neither cost-effective nor productive to dedicate so many team members to helping clients. Artificial intelligence-powered enterprise bots offer a great option that can hold conversations with current and future customers, making them feel more appreciated.

    While chatbots are a great option for enterprises, finding the right combination requires hard work and time investment. With feedback from customers of ChattyPeople, I’ve put together a list of characteristics that make an effective chatbot for enterprise customer service.

    Related: Enterprise Chatbots Platforms and the Future of Work

    Creating a Customer Service Chatbot for Your Enterprise

    Before selecting any features, you have to find a reliable chatbot-building platform that is dependable.

    Now you can start thinking about the features you want your bot to have. This is one of the most critical parts in the success of your chatbot, so think about your target audience and decide on what they deem as important. You need to consider details about your target audience, such as:

    • Age range
    • Location
    • Social status
    • Gender
    • Any details that will help set tone of voice and personality

    Remember, the first edition of your chatbot will probably not be your final version. You should integrate your chatbot with tracking tools so you can measure the performance of your virtual assistant. You can then make changes based on the information gathered to improve user experience and increase efficiency.

    Related: Enterprise Chatbots and the Conversational Commerce Revolutionizing Business

    Characteristics of an Efficient Customer Service Chatbot

    Customer care is one of the most important aspects of any enterprise, regardless of the industry in which it operates. Supporting current and future customers by addressing their issues will help earn your company a reputation for quality and reliability.

    There are certain features that most effective customer care chatbots have in common. Keep in mind that enterprises have slightly different needs than smaller organizations. The sheer volume of requests can be overwhelming, so keep these features in mind when creating your enterprise chatbot.

    Related: How to Create a Facebook Messenger Chatbot For Free Without Coding

    The Ability to Understand Natural Language

    Chatbots have come a long way since they were first developed. In the early stages, chatbots could only respond to specific commands and weren’t able to understand different variations. Now, AI-powered bots can understand natural language and can fulfill requests without depending on a specific command line.

    Proactivity

    Keep in mind that AI assistants are fairly new, and most users have never interacted with them. Encourage your target audience to use your chatbot by making it proactive. When users open a text window to talk to your bot, it should automatically introduce itself and provide a list of options from which they can choose.

    Related: Make Chats With Chatbots Work

    Integration with E-commerce Platforms

    Chatbots are very versatile, to the point where they can take orders through Facebook Messenger and comments. Integrating your bot to e-commerce platforms can help you monetize your social media pages easily and efficiently.

    A Defined Set of Features

    Chatbots can have a huge number of features, but your best bet is to start simple, with a well-defined set of options. This will allow you to tweak your bot to perfection while giving it time to learn and adjust to its responsibilities. Once it has mastered easy tasks, you can give it the capacity of fulfilling more complex operations.

    Optimum Functionality

    From a user’s point of view, there’s nothing more frustrating than a chatbot that says it can do something when it really can’t. Make sure your bot is able to carry out all tasks you advertise; that way, your audience will never be disappointed with your virtual helper.

    Related: The How-To: Using Chatbots As A Tool For Customer Service

    Logical Structure

    It’s important to think about how users will navigate through your bot and figure out a logical design. Presenting all features at once will overwhelm your users, so you have to present just a few at a time. Your bot should be able to ask questions and follow a logical sequence in order to present the adequate options to address the issue at hand.

    User Experience Facilitators

    Remember that bots are there to help your customers, so implement anything you think will help users solve their issues. Buttons, links, and the ability to be transferred to a human are good examples of features that facilitate user experience.

    Predictive Capabilities

    AI-powered chatbots have the ability to learn from each interaction. Besides gathering information for advertising purposes, these bots also learn to become predictive and offer a solution before the user brings up any issues.

    A Touch of Personality

    It’s always tricky to give bots personality, especially enterprise ones. Giving a chatbot a little likeability can encourage your team to interact with it and even become a healthy office mood-setter. Remember that your chatbot’s personality should always represent your brand’s overall tone.

    Regular Updates and Optimization

    I mentioned before that chatbots should be connected to tracking tools so you can review their statistics. You should use these to make adjustments and fine tune your bot to improve user experience and productivity over time.

    Finally…

    Although enterprises have different requirements than other organizations, chatbots still provide a great solution to their customer service needs. Gone are the days where your current and future customers have to call in during office hours for some assistance. Enterprise chatbots can now answer questions, serve as a self-serving tool, and even provide specific information about your products and services on demand. Use the tips I outlined above to create an enterprise bot that helps you build a lasting relationship with your audience.

  • How Employees Really Feel About Their Jobs (Infographic)

    It’s important to make sure employees are happy at work. Happy employees can translate to higher productivity, better office relationships and a better overall company culture.

    Related: 5 Ways to Make Your Employees Happier and More Productive

    However, it can be difficult to know if your employees are actually happy. But here’s the good news: more than half of employees say they love their jobs. Employee screening company EBI surveyed 2,000 workers to find out how they feel about their jobs.

    Only 9.8 percent admitted to hating their jobs, while 53.3 percent said they loved their career and 36.9 percent felt neutral. It turns out, people ages 18 to 24 who are likely newer to the workforce feel more negatively toward their work than their older counterparts. On average, workers, ages 35 to 55, feel more positively about their jobs. The number of men and women who love their jobs are nearly the same, with only 2.6 percent more women saying they love their jobs.

    Related: 3 Proven Ways to Keep Employees Happy

    Are your employees happy at work? For more insights, check out the infographic below.

  • Love Your Job? Put an Exit Plan in Place Anyways.

    When you hate your job, you often think about leaving it. But when you are happy with your work putting an exit plan into place seems somewhat bizarre. Nevertheless, smart employees should always be prepared to quit their job tomorrow.

    Related: 4 Career Failings You Should Forgive Yourself For

    The reason is that the future is always unknowable. Just because your job satisfaction is sky-high today doesn’t mean that tomorrow your company won’t announce mass layoffs, or hire a horrible new boss, or commit an ethical transgression that you do not wish to comply with.

    An exit plan is about giving yourself options. Our jobs are usually the only means we have of paying rent, buying groceries and supporting ourselves and our families. Job-hunting is tough and can take a long time. Being unprepared, therefore, means risking getting stuck at a workplace you’ve suddenly found you hate.

    Convinced of the need for an exit plan but confused about its practicalities? Here’s what yours should look like:

    1. Have unemployment savings

    The majority of us — 63 percent — are one paycheck away from homelessness. The reason? A lack of savings; one-quarter of workers save nothing at all each month. For those in steady employment, this might not seem like a big deal. But what if you were made redundant tomorrow?

    Make it a personal goal to have a savings account that would allow you and your dependents to survive several months of unemployment. How much you need to save depends both on your necessary outgoings (rent, bills, etc.) and the average length of time it takes someone of your position and industry to find a new job.

    Quitting a job without another source of income guaranteed is rarely a good idea, but sometimes circumstances may force your hand. Knowing that you have emergency savings to fall back will alleviate some of the stress of these situations and give you enough time to get fully back on your feet.

    2. Network, network, network

    The widespread statistic that 85 percent of jobs are filled by networking may be an exaggeration, but the power of personal connections is indisputable. Professional contacts can alert you to industry openings, put in a good word for you with their employer, hire you on a freelance or contract basis, provide references and recommendations and generally smooth your job hunting process considerably.

    Related: 3 Ways Being a Bookworm Translates to Career Success

    You don’t have to be actively looking for a job to be actively sourcing, building and maintaining these relationships. Keep in touch with useful business contacts. Attend relevant conferences and industry meets. Be ready to provide assistance and favors to people who could be useful to you in the future. Expand your network by soliciting introduction to new contacts from current ones.

    In short, build a reputation as a competent, friendly and dynamic person that people want to hire and work with.

    3. Do your freelance prep

    Thanks to the twin forces of globalization and digitization, many jobs can now be performed on a freelance or contractor basis. If that is applicable to your job, it’s worthwhile investing some time in figuring out how it would work and laying some groundwork. That could mean building good relationships with potential clients, making sure your LinkedIn page and other websites are top-notch, and gathering together suitable examples for a portfolio.

    It may even be appropriate to dip your toe in the freelance waters by taking on some side-projects (assuming your company doesn’t prohibit this). The idea is to get everything in a place where you could easily ramp it up if necessary.

    The same logic should apply to any side-projects you’ve got an interest in doing. If you enjoy spending your weekends making jewelry or writing science-related blog posts, explore the ways you could turn it into a money-spinner if needed. Personal businesses always require some initial capital to get going; whether for printing business cards or buying a website domain name. Covering those initial costs while employed means you wouldn’t have to worry about multiple out-of-pocket expenses when you’re not.

    4. Keep your skills polished

    There are undoubtedly specific skills that help you do your job well; invest time and effort into ensuring they’re consistently honed, updated and expanded upon. Research the attributes that would be required for a job at the level above you, and start working on them now, whether in work or outside of it.

    The internet is filled with free online courses that can teach you everything from coding to Adobe Photoshop. Take advantage of them. Not only will it benefit you in your current position, it’ll ensure your CV is kept up-to-scratch should you need to pull it out in a hurry.

    Related: 4 Things You Need to Start Rewarding Yourself For

    In conclusion…

    It may be that you never need to use your exit plan at all. Great! You’ll benefit from the strong network, polished skills and rainy-day funds regardless. You’ll also be able to enjoy your awesome job in security and confidence, and be better placed to tackle any arising issues or rough patches with the mindset that working through it is a choice, not a requirement.

    Exit plans are there to give you relief if things go wrong in the future, but they will also make you a better, happier and more confident employee in the present.

  • 3 Ways to Build a Diverse Team of Lifelong Employees

    People, including me, who hold diversity and inclusion close to their hearts cringe when new research is published about the under-representation of women and ethnic minorities within the tech industry. Several recent studies, including one from the Kapor Center for Social Impact and Harris Poll, have found that sexual harassment, bullying and racist stereotyping are common in the technology industry, contributing to so-called “tech leavers.”

    A young woman, person of color or someone with a disability reading these things about Silicon Valley is less likely to enter the tech industry, or stay long enough to contribute if they do. However, shedding light on the negative doesn’t by itself accomplish the change within the industry we all desire. We need to focus on action we can take today to change this environment.

    So, let’s start with the positive. We know that companies are far more successful and innovative when they leverage diverse talent. In fact, lack of diversity holds organizations back from harnessing all available resources for innovation and growth. A recent McKinsey study found that companies in the top quartile for racial and ethnic diversity are 35 percent more likely to have financial returns above their respective national industry median. A 2015 study from Bersin by Deloitte showed that diverse companies had 2.3 times higher cash flow per employee over a three-year period than non-diverse companies.

    While moving the needle in workplace diversity is no small feat, transforming tech leavers into lifelong employees should be a strategic objective for all organizations. A diverse workforce enables a company to innovate, better understand its customers and maximize employee productivity — all critical issues for the technology industry.

    Related: Why You Need to Focus on Diversity Before It’s Too Late

    Here are three ways your company can improve diversity and inclusion efforts — and avoid “tech leaver” syndrome:

    1. Get C-Suite buy-in.

    Organizations need business leaders who accept and champion the idea that embracing diversity and inclusion efforts will create corporate return on investment. Statistics show, diversity can increase economic performance by as much as 2.2 times for profitability and two times stock valuation. To get that buy-in, it’s important to show how diversity and inclusion save money and boost revenue, while also highlighting the long-term value of these initiatives.

    For SAP, diversity and inclusion efforts start at the very top. Diversity and inclusion are part of our strategy for the future. These topics are discussed regularly in executive and supervisory board meetings with HR leadership at the executive table. This is crucial to shaping the culture of the organization and being real advocates for employees.

    Related: 5 Reasons Why Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives Fail

    2. Go back to the HR basics.

    The greatest obstacle to embracing diversity and inclusion is often not the proof of their value, but resistance to change — both consciously and unconsciously. To combat bias head on, organizations need to re-examine their processes and redesign how they recruit, interview and hire candidates. Organizations must work to recognize, identify and eliminate bias to reap the benefits of a diverse and inclusive workplace.

    Consider a job posting for a candidate who needs to be “politically-savvy,” “aggressive,” and “assertive.” These words may not resonate with female candidates and thus, the response for the listing is likely to heavily favor for male candidates. Studies show that men apply for jobs when they feel 60-80 percent qualified for the position, while women apply for jobs when they feel 100-120 percent qualified for the position.

    True digital leaders are using technology to identify and eliminate biased language in job listings, ensure that underrepresented colleagues have a voice and create opportunities at all levels of the organization for a more inclusive, innovative and bias-free work environment.

    Related: How to Stop Unconscious Bias Before It Starts

    3. Don’t focus on diversity, embrace inclusion.

    Many companies focus heavily on diversity in terms of statistics but the better way to ensure a truly bias-free, equality-based effort is to focus on inclusion. Inclusion invites participation from everyone, and is the foundation of a diverse workforce. Employees who feel respected, no matter their background, will have the confidence to authenticly share their perspectives.

    Inclusion is important in the efforts that we make personally to embrace all groups, each day. Recently, I was in Japan where I studied local customs and learned that it is appropriate to bow instead of shaking hands. However, my Japanese hosts reflected Western customs. While I was bowing, they reached for a handshake. The greeting may have looked awkward but we each made the effort to embrace the other’s custom. The interaction proved that, fundamentally, inclusion isn’t only about how you lead, but how you act every day.

    To encourage inclusion and teamwork inside your organization, arrange group lunches or host conference calls to discuss common professional experiences, share best practices and build relationships. These will help create a stronger sense of community.

    The path to greater diversity and inclusion is not easy, but an inclusive environment attracts more applicants to your company and enhances your existing employees’ experience. Happy employees are more productive and engaged, and less likely to become “tech leavers.” Considering how important innovation is to the technology industry, it should strive to foster the most inclusive cultures — not drive people away. By receiving buy-in from the top, using technology to confront unconscious bias and embracing inclusion, we can encourage an industry where all people can thrive!

  • US markets are rising – so why are some people worried?

    a roller coaster nearing peak

    Image caption

    Will the stock market continue to rise?

    For weeks now, US stock markets have been hitting records, a rise claimed by President Donald Trump as proof of a healthy economy.

    But Mr Trump’s pride in the numbers is at odds with analysts and investors, who have expressed increasing discomfort over the market’s climb.

    About 65% of investment managers surveyed by Northern Trust last quarter said they believed shares were over-valued, the highest ever in the firm’s report.

    Surveys by Bank of America Merrill Lynch have expressed alarm about the high prices, as have policymakers at the Federal Reserve.

    “We are concerned about equity valuations right now,” says Mike Morrill, chief operating officer at DF Dent, a Baltimore-based investment company. “We’ve had nine years of a strong bull market and that’s not going to last forever.”

    Image caption

    The Dow Jones crossed the 22,000 mark on Wednesday

    The sentiment is similar to statements Mr Trump himself made before his election, when he said the stock market was “so bloated” and warned people to “be careful”.

    If investors believe prices are too high – and are buying anyway – that could be a sign of a bubble.

    So is the stock market rally a reason to cheer, as Mr Trump suggests now? Or could a crash be around the corner?

    Pride before a fall?

    Stocks, which have been on a long-term upward trend, surged early in 2017, amid optimism over business-friendly policies endorsed by the Trump administration, such as tax reform.

    Analysts say that without clear signs of progress on reform in Washington that effect has faded.

    Now, it’s strong corporate revenue and profit growth that are boosting share prices, with gains going to larger, multinational companies.

    The three major measures – the S&P 500, the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the Nasdaq – have climbed between roughly 10% and 17% so far this year, compared with about 6% to 7% during the same period last year.

    US ‘doing well’

    The Nasdaq has hit a new high more than 40 times this year. Since 2012, the value of the S&P 500 index has almost doubled.

    “The stock market hit the highest level it’s ever been,” Mr Trump boasted on Wednesday as the Dow Jones Industrial Average exceeded 22,000 points on Wednesday morning.

    “Our country is doing very well,” he said.

    But that hasn’t stopped the muttering that the stock market, at least, is due for a correction.

    Robert Shiller, a Nobel Prize-winning economist at Yale University, says share gains reflect optimism about where the economy is heading, but it’s an unreliable forecasting tool, and shifts quickly.

    “The stock market is mostly psychology,” he says. “The fluctuations in it mean that we’re in an optimistic mood but we could change and we could change suddenly.”

    Investors are trying to anticipate what might trigger a change – whether it be rising interest rates, weak consumer spending, developments overseas or something else entirely.

    Image copyright
    Getty Images

    Image caption

    Nobel Prize-winning economist Robert Shiller is worried about the ratio of prices to earnings

    Mr Shiller says he thinks Mr Trump himself poses one of the biggest risks.

    The firestorm in Washington in May after Mr Trump fired former FBI director James Comey prompted some of the biggest one-day share sell-offs this year.

    “Usually, presidents are not able to transform the economy unless he does something disastrous, which transforms it down,” says Mr Shiller. “I’m thinking that it’s more likely he will create some kind of uncertainty, disruption and that might be a trigger for decline.”

    A new tech bubble?

    Many of the biggest gains come from a single sector – technology stocks – the same industry that some investors say is overvalued.

    The S&P 500 information technology index, which averages 68 companies, including heavyweights such as Apple, Microsoft and Facebook, last month passed the record set in March 2000.

    The index rose about 22% in the first seven months of 2017, while the broader S&P 500 climbed about 10%.

    Some say the gains in tech make sense, as investors target a part of the economy seeing rapid growth.

    However, others worry that in some cases the rise in shares has little to do with the companies’ actual prospects.

    And in more recent weeks, tech stocks have come under pressure.

    If the sell-off spreads to other sectors, it could be a warning of bigger problems.

    Jill Hall, a US equity strategist at Bank of America Merrill Lynch, doesn’t expect stock markets in general to rise much more this year, but she’s not predicting a big sell-off either.

    She thinks investors will shift their money from the high-growth tech industry into sectors such as energy, health care and finance.

    “What we’re expecting is more of a rotation out of growth and into value,” she says.

    Rate shift

    Some say they’re worried Federal Reserve and central bankers elsewhere will move too aggressively to increase interest rates, causing havoc in bond and stock markets.

    About 27% of investors surveyed by Bank of America Merrill Lynch last month identified a mistake by central bankers in the US and Europe as the biggest risk to their outlooks. Another 28% were worried about bonds.

    Image copyright
    Getty Images

    Image caption

    Donald Trump says the rising stock market isn’t getting enough attention

    Mr Trump himself raised alarms on these lines at a presidential debate last year.

    “We are in a big, fat, ugly bubble,” he said.

    “The only thing that looks good is the stock market. But if you raise interest rates even a little bit, that’s going to come crashing down.”

    That’s something that is not lost on the central bankers responsible for monetary policy.

    Last month Federal Reserve chair Janet Yellen told a US congressional committee: “We want to make sure that we manage this in a way that is not disruptive to financial markets.”

    And that’s a sentiment financial markets would no doubt endorse.

  • West Africa’s biggest solar plant

    In Senegal electricity shortages are common. In a bid to find a solution, the government has unveiled two solar projects but many people living in rural communities are yet to see the benefits.

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  • Arsenal’s Kroenke curbs animal hunting viewing on app

    Two hunters by dead lionImage copyright
    MOTV

    Stan Kroenke, the owner of Arsenal Football Club, has ordered big game hunting videos to be removed from the MyOutdoorTV (MOTV) app.

    MOTV is a paid-for video on demand app about hunting, shooting and fishing, and was launched in the US in 2016.

    It was launched this week in the UK, but immediately attracted criticism for carrying video of hunters with dead lions and other animals.

    Mr Kroenke owns the company behind MOTV.

    It is a small part of his huge Colorado-based sporting empire, Kroenke Sports & Entertainment, which runs TV stations including The Outdoor Channel and World Fishing Network.

    The range of programmes is not available in every country, partly for reasons of ownership rights, but also in some cases because of local tastes.

    Image copyright
    MOTV

    Its website illustrates this, pointing out that some TV shows that are popular with members in the US may not be desirable to members in the Canada, even though they are both English-speaking regions.

    ‘I feel sick’

    The company said: “There has been significant public attention to a small portion of programming on our MyOutdoorTV app that contains content associated with hunting certain big game animals,” said Jim Liberatore, the chief executive of Outdoor Sportsman Group.

    “Stan Kroenke has directed us to remove all content related to those animals in light of the public interest,” he said in a statement.

    Hunting TV app sparks protests

    The company was keen to underline that it operates independently from Arsenal Football Club.

    “Arsenal Football Club has nothing to do with any of our media outlets. It has nothing to do with our content or the editorial decisions we make,” the statement said.

    “We deserve no credit when an Arsenal striker scores a goal. Arsenal deserves no criticism when we offer a program with which some disagree.”

    Leader of the Labour opposition and local MP, Jeremy Corbyn, said he was “disgusted” by the channel: “As an Arsenal fan I’m disgusted that Stan Kroenke is involved in such a brutal, unethical and unnecessary activity.”

    Robert Peston, ITV’s political editor and one of Arsenal’s best know fans, expressed his disgust about Mr Kroenke’s connection to the channel.

    In a tweet earlier this week he said: “I feel sick I have to pay money to this person.”

    Philippa King, from the League Against Cruel Sports, welcomed today’s move: “Launching a TV channel which glorifies bloodsports was never going to be a good idea in a nation of animal lovers. We asked Mr Kroenke to cancel his plan to show trophy hunting and that’s what he has done, so we thank him for it.

    “Whether the decision was taken because his eyes were opened to the suffering of animals involved in trophy hunting, or because he realised it was a PR disaster for Arsenal football club, I don’t know. Hopefully it was the former.”

    Image copyright
    MOTV